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How Does Cancer Spread?

Cancers either grow locally, in their site of origin or spread via the bloodstream or Lymphatic channels to a distant site. Most cancers have a unique pattern of spread which is discussed in each individual cancer.  This pattern of spread is a guideline in planning for the staging work up.

Cancer cells, as they grow and form a mass or tumor, produce chemicals that stimulate production of blood vessels in nearby tissues as well as inside the cancer tissue itself. Cancer cells have the ability to break into the blood vessels and travel to distant sites. Cells traveling in blood can become dislodged in other organ, i.e., brain or bone, etc., where they may grow and form another tumor. (This process is referred to as "Metastasis".)

Some organs in the body have a greater tendency to accept metastasis than other tissues. Bones, Lungs and Brain are frequently among these. Spleen, kidneys and heart are among the organs which rarely accept metastasis.